http://www.iihs.org/..._lawenf.html#14
What are speed cameras?
These are electronic devices operated by police to enforce speed limits. Speed cameras, also known as photo radar, monitor the speeds of passing vehicles and are programmed to photograph vehicles traveling a set amount above the speed limit. Unlike other methods of traffic law enforcement, speed cameras do not require offending motorists to be pulled over. There are two methods for deploying speed cameras. Mobile speed cameras are manned by police and moved around among various locations; fixed cameras are unmanned and photograph vehicles speeding at specific roadway locations. Speed cameras have been used for more than 30 years in countries including Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, and Taiwan.
Are speed cameras widely used in the United States?
Speed cameras have been used on a limited basis by US police. Cameras currently are in use in Arizona, California, Colorado, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, and the District of Columbia. Speed cameras in action
Do speed cameras reduce travel speeds?
A 2002 Institute study reported that within 6 months of the implementation of speed cameras in the District of Columbia in 2001, average speeds declined 14 percent and the proportion of vehicles exceeding the speed limit by more than 10 mph declined 82 percent.8 In Garland, Utah, a speed camera system plus extensive media coverage and strong support by city officials successfully reduced average speeds in a 20 mph school zone from 36 to 22 mph.9 Crashes and injuries had been high in the school zone, but 8 months after camera installation there were fewer crashes and not a single injury collision.
Are speed cameras used to ticket motorists going 1 or 2 mph faster than the speed limit?
No. Speed cameras usually are programmed so they will not be activated unless a vehicle is traveling significantly faster than the posted limit — often 10 mph faster. A visible police presence typically accompanies photo radar in the United States to maximize the deterrent effect. Portable units are placed at the roadside in or near a marked police car, and signs usually announce that photo radar is in use.
Does the public support the use of speed cameras?
Public opinion regarding speed cameras is an important factor in the formulation of related traffic laws and enforcement policies. A telephone survey was conducted 9 months after speed cameras were introduced in Washington, DC.10 Almost two-thirds of drivers said speeding was a problem. Considerable awareness of speed cameras was found; 51 percent of drivers favored cameras and 36 percent opposed them. Support for camera enforcement was higher among middle-age and older drivers, among drivers who had not received a speeding ticket in the mail and did not know anyone who had, and among drivers who said speeding was a problem.
How effective are speed cameras in reducing speeds and crashes?
In Victoria, Australia, speed cameras were introduced in late 1989, and police reported that within 3 months the number of offenders triggering photo radar decreased 50 percent.11 The percentage of vehicles significantly exceeding the speed limit decreased from about 20 percent in 1990 to fewer than 4 percent in 1994. A Norwegian study found that injury crashes were reduced by 20 percent on sections of rural roads with cameras.12 Research from British Columbia, Canada, showed a 7 percent decline in crashes and 20 percent fewer deaths the first year cameras were used. The proportion of speeding vehicles declined from 66 percent to fewer than 40 percent, and researchers attributed a 10 percent decline in daytime injuries to photo radar.13 A detailed analysis of speed camera enforcement in Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom, reported that injury crashes in the immediate vicinity of camera sites were reduced 46 percent.14 One of the most ambitious efforts to control traffic speeds on a heavily traveled urban highway is on the M25, which circles London.15 Speed cameras are used in conjunction with a system of variable speed limits that are adjusted based on weather and traffic conditions. There were 28 percent fewer injury crashes during the first year of the program; preliminary data for the second year indicate that such improvements are being maintained.
And here are states/cities currently using speed cameras, as of July 2006:
Communities with speed cameras
Arizona: Mesa, Paradise Valley, Phoenix, Scottsdale, Tempe
California: San Jose
Colorado: Boulder, Denver, Fort Collins
District of Columbia
Iowa: Davenport
New Mexico: Albuquerque
North Carolina: Charlotte-Mecklenburg
Ohio: Northwood, Toledo, Oregon, Beaverton, Medford, Portland
Tennessee: Jackson, Red Bank














